Nursing

Nursing

Where Have All the Cute Nursing Shirts Gone?

Lots of moms like to think out loud, and CWTMommy is one of them.

Lots of moms like to think out loud, and CWTMommy is one of them. She is on a mission to find the best nursing bra on the market, but today she's answering a reader's question on her My Experiment With Nursing Bras blog.

I got a special request from psychobabble about nursing shirts and tops. This isn't something I've delved too deep into, because frankly, most nursing shirts these days are ugly. I think I have two, and the one that's decent enough is from Gap. But still, I rarely wear it outside the house because I think it looks like a purple potato sack. So I went into research mode for a bit to see what I could find on the Internet. These are more of products I saw that I liked rather than "promoting" companies as a whole. And no, not everyone will like what I like, but I'll do the best I can.

Keep reading to see the entire list. Want to see more? Start following My Experiment With Nursing Bras, or start your own OnSugar blog. It's easy, it's free, and we just might feature your content on our site.

Baby

The Skinny on Nursing: Will Breastfeeding Make You Lose Weight?

Breastfeeding is frequently touted as a weight loss aide, but countless moms in Circle of Moms communities say it just didn’t happen that way for them.

The Skinny on Nursing: Will Breastfeeding Make You Lose Weight?

Breastfeeding is frequently touted as a weight loss aide, but countless moms in Circle of Moms communities say it just didn’t happen that way for them. Are the weight loss benefits of breastfeeding a myth?

Not exactly.

Some women do lose weight while breastfeeding, because breastfeeding burns extra calories. Melanie M. found the weight melted right off: “I gained 70 pounds during my pregnancy, and I lost 60 pounds by the time my son was 4 months old!" Tracey G. also lost weight easily while breastfeeding: "I've been breastfeeding for 5 months now. Lost a total of 50 pounds...I love it. I call it the easiest workout ever!"

This weight loss, however, is not universal. Other women say that while they quickly lose significant weight in the few months after giving birth, the last pounds stubbornly refuse to melt. Melissa H. shares: “I'm still holding on to 15 pounds that just won't budge! I don't really eat [poorly] and I even exercise...my body is just holding onto it, I guess to help me make better milk!"

Many women share Melissa's experience, finding that they carry some extra weight until they begin weaning. Kim S. explains: “While nursing helps you shed the first pounds faster, your body will hang on to the last 10-15 pounds. Your body is doing this in case you can't find food and start to starve. It will come off after you stop nursing.”

What can you do if you’re stuck with stubborn pounds? As hard as it is to be patient with your post-partum body, experts often advise waiting until the third month to make an effort to lose weight, and to then take a gradual approach. One of the most popular programs touted by Circle of Moms members is Weight Watchers for nursing moms. As Jennifer B. shared: “If you're getting frustrated, I would encourage you to check Weight Watchers online. I actually did it for about 3 months (while nursing) to help lose pregnancy weight and it totally worked!...It's very safe for nursing moms to try!!!”

Above all, don't feel discouraged if breastfeeding doesn't melt off the baby weight. As Beth M. wisely advises: “I've nursed 3 children now, and not once did breastfeeding help me lose weight…Don't feel bad about yourself if you are not losing weight. As long as you are maintaining your weight, eating a nutrient-dense balanced diet, and are getting 30 minutes of exercise a day (or 2.5-3 hours each week), then you are fine. And if anyone tells you any differently, just thumb your nose at them. This isn't a popularity or beauty contest. The real beauty is that you CHOSE to breastfeed and CAN.”

Baby

The Art of Burping

Feel like you’ve patted your baby’s back a dozen different ways and those stubborn burps still won’t come up?

The Art of Burping

Feel like you’ve patted your baby’s back a dozen different ways and those stubborn burps still won’t come up? Try the following 10 burping tips and techniques from Circle of Moms members. While not all of them will work for every baby, you only need to find the one that works for yours.

1. Burping After Every 2 Ounces

“Try burping him after 2 ounces,” Esmeralda U. suggests. Her advice is spot-on: the American Academy of Pediatrics recommends burping bottle-fed babies every 2-3 ounces. And though burping is less of an issue for breastfed babies, the AAP still recommends burping breastfed babies each time you switch breasts.

2. Over-the-Shoulder Position

This classic burp position entails resting your baby against your shoulder and patting or rubbing your baby’s back. Several moms, including Kelli S., also recommend a modified approach that positions the baby higher on your shoulder: “Try holding him up higher to where your shoulder is putting pressure on his tummy.”

3. Seated Angles and Rotations

Many parents find that placing the baby in various angled seated positions work well for bringing up a burp. As Melissa S. shares, “What was best for us was holding his chest (and supporting his neck), leaning him forward and burping.” Others, like Melissa D., find that leaning their babies in different directions brings up the burps: “I would sit my son on my lap and slowly tilt him from side to side and front to back. It was really relaxing for him and it seems to work the air bubbles out.”

4. Gentle Bouncing

I bounced my son and that pretty much worked every time,” Erin L. admits. She's not alone; bouncing aids in burping for many babies. As Nikki M. relays: “I would sit him on my knee and bounce him...he sat up straight (and) would just burp on his own.”  

5. Tummy Time

If none of the above techniques produce a burp, consider laying the baby, tummy-down, on your knee or lap. Robyn M. explains: “Try lying them across your knee face down with head supported, and gently rub their back.”

6. Vertical Spine Rub

Another burping strategy recommended by several Circle of Moms members is a slow, firm vertical rub while the baby is seated. Melanie M. shares: “Try sitting your son on your lap with your arm across his front for support, then use the ball of your hand rub from the tail bone upward along the spine in one slow and slightly firm motion.”

7. Walking

As Angel C. advises, the gentle up-and-down motion of walking can also help in burping: “Try walking with him and pat while walking…or if you have stairs, try walking up and down the stairs.”

8. Switching Positions

With some babies, it’s not a single burping position, but rather a change in positions that produces burps. Carol C.  relays: “I find that if I hold her vertically or sitting for a while and then move her to a different position she sometimes burp(s) without (me) patting or rubbing her back.” Melanie M. concurs: “I’ll lay her down on my lap for a minute or so and then bring her back up. Laying them down sometimes seems to bring up the bubbles.”

9. Rubbing vs. Patting

While a patting technique works for many babies, rubbing is more effective with others. Jess L. suggests "a deep rub. It really worked wonders!"

10. Over the Counter Help

If you’re still having trouble burping your baby, many moms recommend consulting with your pediatrician about using gas relievers such as Mylicon, gripe water, or Infacol

Did another burping strategy work wonders for your baby? Share in the comments below!

Image Source: nateone via Flickr/Creative Commons

Pregnancy

Top 10 Essential Baby Items

Feeling overwhelmed by all the products on the market for new babies, and wondering which are truly essentials that other moms swear by?

Top 10 Essential Baby Items

Feeling overwhelmed by all the products on the market for new babies, and wondering which are truly essentials that other moms swear by? Aside from safe cribs and car seats, Circle of Moms members say these 10 baby products are the must-haves they couldn’t have lived without.

1. Baby Sling or Carrier

From Moby wraps to Mei Tais, baby slings and wraps earn high praise from moms for enabling hands-free carrying. As Stasia K. shares of her Ergo Baby Carrier, “My daughter has spent half of her life in it and LOVES IT. From there she can safely see and learn from the world around her while I have two free hands to do the housework, walk the dog, make dinner, etc.”

2. Bouncy Chairs and Swings

I don't know what I would do without my bouncy chair,” says Mallory C., one of countless moms who say swings, bouncers and rockers were essential for entertainment and sleeping. Melissa S. remembers: “I was SO grateful to have a baby swing, that's the only way I could get her to sleep for the first 6 weeks.”

3. Boppy Pillow

This wildly popular U-shaped pillow is one of the most beloved baby products around. Amanda C. explains its multipurpose allure: “I found it so useful for breastfeeding, for keeping baby elevated after feeding when he was a newborn, (and for) extra support when my little brother held my son. When he got older he would sit in it (in case he fell back) to play, and sometimes nap in it! I love the Boppy.”

4. Swaddling Blankets

Baby swaddling blankets are wonders,” advises Natashia M. “Especially for fussy babies.” While some moms are partial to certain fabrics, features and brands (as in flannel, Velcro or Miracle Blankets), the general consensus is that swaddling blankets are simply amazing.

5. Nipple Cream and Nursing Pads

Sore and leaking nipples? Ouch! Numerous nursing moms agree with Bethany B. that Lansinoh nipple cream and nursing pads are a “gift from God” for easing discomfort. (Medela creams are popular, too).

6. White Noise

Whether it's a machine that emits ocean waves, heartbeats and "womb sounds," or the radio turned to hushed static, some kind of white noise maker is a must-have for many new moms. Denise T. shares: “My husband just burned a CD from the Internet and we just used a CD player on repeat, works like a charm.”

7. Breast Pump

A high-quality pump is a must-have for many breastfeeding moms, especially those who work outside the home. As Stephanie F. advises: ""I know it may seem expensive - but a GREAT breast pump will save you time, money and frustration!" Hannah H. agrees: “Do invest in Medela or another hospital-grade one."

8. Mylicon

When colic and gassiness strike, moms like Jessica H. say Mylicon is incredibly helpful: “MYLICON!! Oh my Gosh, I have a gassy baby! This is without a doubt my number one item.” (See also 9 Essentials for a Nursery First-Aid Kit).

9. The Hooter Hider

“I don’t leave the house without my Hooter Hider,” admits Kelly M., and she's far from the only one. Many moms love how this nursing cover allows discreet breastfeeding in public. Karen S. agrees, calling it “an absolute essential for nursing.”

10. Lots of Burp Cloths

Candace C.’s one must-have baby item? “8 billion baby face cloths." The truth is, you're going to need something (make that a lot of somethings) to wipe up the steady stream of drool and spit up that babies so expertly produce. As Alison W. advises, “You can't have too many little cloths!!!

Image Source: devinf via Flickr/Creative Commons

roundup

Pump Up Your Breastfeeding Knowledge

Choosing breastmilk for your baby is a commitment and we've discussed ways to make the experience easier.

Choosing breastmilk for your baby is a commitment and we've discussed ways to make the experience easier. Take a look at some of our past coverage and see how much you know.


10 Reasons Why I Loved Breastfeeding

Lactation Consultants Lead Babies to Mother's Milk

Things to Consider When Buying a Pump

Seven Tips For Pumping at the Office

Pumping Mamas Pump Milk and Iron

Six Tips to Increase Mama's Milk Supply
Baby

How Much of a Routine Does a Baby Really Need?

When my son was born, I realized pretty quickly that, though my partner and I had discussed almost every other detail of our parenting styles, we had never talked about routines or schedules.

How Much of a Routine Does a Baby Really Need?

When my son was born, I realized pretty quickly that, though my partner and I had discussed almost every other detail of our parenting styles, we had never talked about routines or schedules. I think we both assumed the baby would lead the way in that department. In some ways, that's been true. But I soon learned that Olin (who is now two) needed us to help him establish patterns for his two most important activities: eating and sleeping. 

If you like routines yourself, you might find setting a schedule for your baby to be a natural, even easy, process. But if you're like me, and prefer spontaneity in your day, you might find it to be a big challenge. Fortunately, the rewards of getting your baby into a comfortable routine are perhaps as great for you as for him or her.

A routine that works will help you know when you have a window of time coming up for getting chores done — or for rest! — as well as providing your little one with a sense of security.

A baby's two main jobs are what I think of as "the two biggies:" eating and sleeping. When we moms talk about routines for our infants, it almost always comes down to how often, how much, and how regularly they eat and sleep. Not only does every baby have different appetites for both, but those appetities will vary from day to day, and as the baby grows.

Is Feeding Like Clockwork Possible?

My son, for example, was happy to nurse all the time; nursing comforted him when he was fussy and seemed to help him fall asleep. But then we developed a pattern in which it became difficult for me to get him to unlatch, especially at night, and this created problems for both of us. I got sore breasts, and Olin didn't sleep deeply. 

My partner started walking him to put him back to sleep — endlessly up and down the stairs, all around our house, and even outside when it was warm enough. When he got a little older we bundled him up, strapped him into his car seat, and drove him around until he was out deeply enough for us to transfer him to his crib with confidence. All this just to establish a feeding routine! Over time, Olin's need for ceaseless motion decreased, and he was able to unlatch and go directly into his crib. He clearly needed something to transition him from the breast to the crib, and eventually even a little motion, such as rocking briefly, did the trick.

Circle of Moms member Jennifer suggests that a stable feeding routine might not be possible until your baby begins eating sold foods. "When she begins to eat real foods.... she is being filled up longer," says this mom of two, and childcare experts agree.

Penelope Leach, in Your Baby and Child, writes that newborns need time to "settle into life outside the womb," and that their hunger signals take a while to present in recognizable ways. 

This could explain why my son didn't get on a reliable feeding schedule until he was three or four months-old.

Should You Sleep Train?

Sleep has been a more challenging puzzle. When all of my parent-friends began talking about "sleep training," I instinctively knew that the "cry-it-out" methods did not appeal to me at all, even though they clearly worked for some. I think these techniques developed largely out of parents' desires to have their children get on adult clocks, which invariably means sleeping through the night. And I don't think some babies are prepared to do that in their first year — or even two — of life.

Yet, routines have value nonetheless, and they encourage babies to learn to put themselves to sleep. I've had the most success with the "sleep lady shuffle," Kim Wests' popular method that involves slowly removing yourself from your baby's bedside until he or she is comfortable going down alone. It can take several weeks, and is a gentler method than the cry-it-out styles of sleep training.

Olin started putting himself to sleep in his crib and sleeping through the night when he was about 20 months-old, but any change in routine (especially travel to another time zone) threatens the reliability of this routine, often for weeks or months after we get back home.

Of course, I long for more sleep, but I no longer envy the parents whose children have been sleeping all night since they were six months old. I'm experienced enough as a mom now to know that my son will sleep through the night when he's ready.

We've established routines that will hopefully help him, such as keeping bedtime consistent and giving him long warm baths just before he goes down. Then we read his favorite book a few times, and he's primed. We've been doing this since he was a newborn, long before he knew one book from another.

It's important to remember that establishing routines doesn't necessarily mean your baby will sleep through the night. An infant's individual nature comes into play here, too; some sleep easily and for long, uninterrupted periods, and others simply don't. 

What Works Best for Your Family?

Decide early on how much flexibility you have. If you need to make regular 8 a.m. meetings with a clear head, then consider some of the sleep techniques that seem to work. If you have more flexibility, then follow your child's lead and see what happens. And remember, even once you've established a routine, it will change as your child develops.

Vicky D., in the February 2011 Babies community, who has three kids, says that perseverance is of the essence: "Stick with it, stay positive, and the baby will benefit from your positivity and progress to a suitable routine."

 

Image Source: minoru_ntt via Flickr/Creative Commons

The views expressed in this article are those of the author and do not necessarily represent the views of, and should not be attributed to, POPSUGAR.

Baby

Who Gets the Night Shift? How Couples Handle Late-Night Feedings

However badly both parents may want a good night’s sleep, when your newborn is waking every few hours someone has to get up.

Who Gets the Night Shift? How Couples Handle Late-Night Feedings

However badly both parents may want a good night’s sleep, when your newborn is waking every few hours someone has to get up. So how do parents decide who takes the night shift? Circle of Moms members have plenty to say on the topic; from their advice we've rounded up 5 common ways parents divvy up nighttime feedings.

1. One Person...with a Rescue Clause!

Some Circle of Moms members contend that the stay-at-home parent should carry the full burden of nighttime feedings on weekdays so the partner who works outside the house can get a solid night’s rest.

As Ashley V. shared: "My bf was working when we had our first and on the days that he worked I never once expected him to get up with him. Now with our second he's on paternity and I go to school. He does most of the night feeds so I can sleep and be rested for school."

Still, moms like Chelsea emphasized that their partners help out when asked: “At our home it's who's working less (me) who takes over the primary responsibility of feeding, bathing, etc. But it's with the understanding that I ask for help when I need (or want) it for whatever reason.”

2. Week/Weekend Split

Other households with one partner working outside the house divide night shift responsibility based on weekdays and weekends. As Louise G. shared: “When the babies were newborns my husband did the Friday and Saturday night shift and I did the rest. This gave me at least two nights sleep a week and if I was having a particular rough night he would get up as well.”

Several moms did caution however, that if one parent is going to handle every feeding, ensure the household work is balancing out overall. As Elizabeth S. shared: “Instead of getting up at night though he would come home and make dinner EVERY night and do the dishes and a lot of the house work so it really evened out.

3. Alternate Days

Other parents suggest a schedule of alternating days. Erica D. shares: "My husband and I rotate nights so that we can get a full night's rest at least 3 out of 4 nights. We have three children and I have stayed home with them and he knows how much work is involved in being a stay at home."

4. Divide the Night in Half

Many Circle of Moms members disagree with placing the full burden of nighttime feedings on one person. After all, stay-at-home-parents have a full-time day job too, especially when the newborn has older siblings. Divvying up the night shift by feedings assures both parents (in theory) can get sleep for at least a portion of the night.

As Jawaka J. shared: “I would stay up until 1 am which is just a little after his last evening feeding and the baby would wake up at around 4:30-5 am, so my husband would just get up a little early and handle that feeding with pumped milk and take the baby downstairs with him and do his routine and put the baby back to bed if I hadn’t woken up yet.”

And Lydia R. did the reverse: “He would do 7 to midnight when our daughter was up regularly and I would take over at midnight. It just gave me a definite time to have a shower and some sleep.”

5. Co-Sleeping

Moms like Emily S. found that co-sleeping was a way to eliminate some of the night-shift struggles: “I only work part-time, but one thing that helps me tremendously is co-sleeping. That way neither of us has to fully wake up... when my daughter needs to nurse, I’m right there. Don’t have to get out of bed, and she doesn’t wake much either and goes quickly back to sleep. Big difference from my first child when I insisted he sleep in his crib...I was dead tired all the time from getting up and down all night.” (For more tips on co-sleeping, see Silent Night, Holy Night: Moms Tips for Holiday Co-Sleeping).

Above all, stay on the same team. “Try not to focus on what is 'fair' or 'unfair,'” recommends Monica B., “but rather focus on how each one of you is contributing in a way that maximizes your parenting strengths and minimizes your weaknesses."

Image Source: schuey via Flickr/Creative Commons

Weight Loss

Packed on the Pounds After Weaning Your Wee One?

Celebrities love to attribute their rapid postpartum weight loss to nursing their newborn babies, but are they willing to admit that it can also help them to gain weight in the long run?

Celebrities love to attribute their rapid postpartum weight loss to nursing their newborn babies, but are they willing to admit that it can also help them to gain weight in the long run? After gaining 40 pounds while pregnant, Kourtney Kardashian credited much of her 45-pound weight loss to breastfeeding lil Mason for 14 months. In March, she announced on her blog that she and her tot had decided to wean, saying, "My love affair with breast feeding has come to a sad end." Last night, she took to Twitter to promote one of her weight loss products, noting, "Wow.I have gained almost 10 pounds since I stopped breast feeding."

Doctors recommend that breastfeeding mamas eat an extra 400 calories a day to help maintain their milk supply. Following nine months of pregnancy and several months of nursing, it can be difficult for women to cut back to a regular diet, leading many moms to gain weight once they wean their tots.

Did you pack on the pounds when you finished breastfeeding?

Baby

Biting the Breast that Feeds Them

Yeeeoow!! When a baby starts biting during nursing sessions, the breastfeeding experience can quickly turn from peaceful to extremely painful.

Biting the Breast that Feeds Them

Yeeeoow!! When a baby starts biting during nursing sessions, the breastfeeding experience can quickly turn from peaceful to extremely painful. To discourage biting while breastfeeding, try these five tips from Circle of Moms members.

1. Pause the Nursing Session

One of the most common suggestions from Circle of Moms members is to briefly stop nursing when biting occurs. As Melody C. shares: “My son started biting when he was 7 months and getting teeth. I unlatched him, said ‘ow’, and sat him down away from me. After a couple of minutes if he was still hungry I'd latch him again. He stopped after about 5 times of doing this." Emily S. agrees: “Gently tell him ‘no bite’ and unlatch him. He’ll learn quickly that biting = no milk!”

2. Pay Attention to Timing

“Do you notice that she bites more towards the end of a nursing session?” asks Cassie C. “It may be that she is done eating and is just figuring out what those teeth are for. She is not trying to hurt you but she doesn't know any better.” As Cassie suggests, babies often bite when they are distracted, bored, feeling playful, or teething.

Try paying close attention to whether your child is actively feeding, suggests Meaghan T.: “If your child is actively nursing it is impossible to bite (the tongue covers the bottom teeth). Most babies will pause before biting - pay attention! Have a handy teething toy available to pop in the mouth before the biting begins!"

Or try Julie B.'s advice: “Keep your finger on your breast while she's nursing so you can quickly break suction and remove her if you see her sucking pattern slow down so you know a bite is coming.”

3. Nurse When Baby is Rested

As Maaike K. found, some babies bite when they are tired, so changing your nursing schedule may help eliminate biting behavor: “I have tried everything (I mean EVERYTHING) to make her stop and nothing really worked...This week I figured out she only bites me if I nurse her before putting her down for either nap or night time. Now I only nurse her when she wakes up in the morning and after her afternoon nap, and this goes really really well!”

4. Don’t Pull Away

When biting occurs, your instinct may be to recoil. Instead, many moms suggest pulling your baby in towards your breast to cause the baby to unlatch. As Alicia E. explains: “The baby's nose is brought again the breast just enough to block the nostrils. The baby immediately opens her mouth to breathe. Thus she unlatches.” The unpleasant feeling also discourages babies from biting again.

5. Don’t Yell

It’s hard not to yelp when those little daggers cut into you, but making a big fuss can make the situation worse. As Sara D. cautioned, some babies will be frightened by an extreme reaction: “Screaming can actually scare him enough to cause a nursing strike.” Alternatively, shares Michelle K., a baby may find your response funny and continue biting to watch it happen again: “If you give a reaction he might find it amusing and continue to bite cause he is entertained by that reaction. I used a calm 'No no' in my normal voice.”

Image Source: iPhoto

Toddler

Why the Breastfeeding Doll...Sucks

Who came up with the screwball idea for the new breastfeeding doll, which gives little girls and boys the opportunity to mimic nursing?

Why the Breastfeeding Doll...Sucks

Who came up with the screwball idea for the new breastfeeding doll, which gives little girls and boys the opportunity to mimic nursing?

Answer: Berjuan Toys, LLC., a Spanish toymaker that has marketed the European version of the doll (Bebe Gloton) since 2009 and has just released an American version called The Breast Milk Baby.

The doll comes with a halter top that your child straps on. The halter has little flowers representing nipples that rest on your child's chest. The child then places the doll's mouth to one of the flowers...and the doll makes suckling noises.

The makers promote the doll as a way to teach young girls the value of breastfeeding at any early age. For me this begs a question: What's happening to childhood?

Let me first get something off my chest: I believe that if a mother is able to nurse, breast is best, and I breastfed my son. But I was 29 and 30 years old, not 6, 7, or 8.

Proponents of the doll say that little girls already can play with dolls that cry, poop and pee, just like a real baby would. There are even dolls that can be bottle fed. Why not something that represents yet another facet of motherhood?

My answer is pretty simple. Crying, pooping and peeing are all things we as human beings do from the very beginning of our lives. They are all inevitable facts of life. It is not guaranteed that a little girl will grow up to breastfeed a baby. And it is not entirely appropriate to expect that a little girl, who is far from even having breasts, can process the lesson that breastfeeding is valuable. She has many more gains in physical and mental maturity to accomplish before this can be internalized. Let me explain with some examples.

If we follow the logic the toymaker is using to promote the doll, that it prepares girls for womanhood and motherhood, then perhaps they should create an entire series teaching girls how to grow up. How about a doll that teaches girls all about the gynecologist's cold, nasty medical tools and stirrups? Or a doll teaching them how to insert a tampon? Better yet, create a doll that teaches a little girl how to put a condom on her partner, or to insert an IUD? And we most definitely need a doll that teaches a girl how to kick an overly-aggressive date in the groin.

Sound crazy? To me it doesn't sound any nuttier than paying $89 for a doll that sucks on a flower.

Good grief, kids don't even need a specialized doll to play at breastfeeding. It happens all the time, especially when there is a younger sibling still nursing. But I don't know of any parent that would take a doll and then encourage their child to play in such fashion. When it happens naturally and the child has a question, then parents answer. Why push them into it?

I do applaud the toy maker's stand that nursing is a skill that should be taught and valued in our society. But this happens anyway — and more powerfully — when a nursing mother explains to her older, curious children that they, too were fed in this manner when they were babies.

Nursing isn't something we should hide. It's something we should support and celebrate. And it should be taught by example, not by misguided immersion.

Image Source: byhoyt via Flickr/Creative Commons

The views expressed in this article are those of the author and do not necessarily represent the views of, and should not be attributed to, POPSUGAR.